Michigan Homeowner's Bill of Rights — Your Legal Protections When Selling
Consumer Protection Resource

Michigan Homeowner's Bill of Rights

Every Michigan homeowner deserves to understand their rights before making one of the biggest financial decisions of their life. This guide exists to educate, empower, and protect you — regardless of how you choose to sell.

Published by Maverick Integrity Group as a public service. Not legal advice — always consult a qualified attorney for your specific situation.

Why This Guide Exists

Selling a home is complex. Homeowners are often at an information disadvantage — not because they're not smart, but because most people only sell a home a few times in their life. This guide is designed to level the playing field.

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Your Rights

The Right to Compare Multiple Offers

You are never obligated to accept the first offer you receive.

Michigan law does not require you to accept any offer — period. You have the absolute right to solicit, receive, and compare as many offers as you wish before making a decision. Anyone who pressures you to sign immediately or claims their offer is "only good for 24 hours" should be treated with extreme skepticism.

What You Should Compare:

Factor Cash Buyer Traditional Agent Sale
Offer Price Below market (typically 70-85% ARV) Market value (negotiated)
Commission $0 5-6% of sale price
Repairs Required None — sold as-is Often required by buyer's inspection
Closing Timeline As fast as 7 days Typically 30-60 days
Financing Contingency None Buyer may fail to qualify
Closing Costs Paid By Seller Often covered by buyer 1-3% of sale price

Key Takeaway

The highest offer price isn't always the best deal. Calculate your net proceeds — what you actually walk away with after commissions, repairs, closing costs, and holding costs. A cash offer 15% below a traditional offer can still put more money in your pocket.

Your Rights

The Right to Consult an Attorney

You have the right — and we encourage you — to have any contract reviewed by an attorney before signing.

Under Michigan law, real estate transactions involve significant legal rights and obligations. You are entitled to seek independent legal counsel at any point. A reputable buyer or real estate professional will never discourage you from consulting an attorney. In fact, any party that tells you an attorney is "unnecessary" or "will just slow things down" should raise an immediate red flag.

When to Involve an Attorney:

Purchase Agreements

Before signing any contract to sell your home

Probate/Inherited Property

When selling property through an estate

Foreclosure Situations

To understand your legal options and timeline

Divorce Sales

When both parties must agree on the sale terms

Tax-Delinquent Property

When back taxes or liens are involved

Any Complex Transaction

If a contract has terms you don't fully understand

Michigan Legal Reference

The State Bar of Michigan offers a Lawyer Referral Service that can connect you with a qualified real estate attorney. Many attorneys offer flat-fee contract reviews. Expect to pay $300-$800 for a standard purchase agreement review — a small price for the peace of mind it provides.

Your Rights

The Right to Understand Every Contract Before Signing

Never sign a contract you don't fully understand.

Under Michigan contract law, a signed agreement is generally binding. Courts rarely accept "I didn't read it" or "I didn't understand it" as defenses. You are responsible for understanding what you sign.

Red Flags in Purchase Agreements:

"Assignment" Clauses Without Your Knowledge

Some buyers sign a contract with no intention of closing themselves — they plan to sell the contract to another buyer. If the contract allows assignment, ask who will actually close.

Unlimited Inspection Periods

A long or open-ended inspection period gives the buyer leverage to renegotiate after tying up your property. Reasonable inspection periods are typically 7-14 days.

Vague or Missing Earnest Money

Earnest money shows the buyer has skin in the game. A contract with zero or minimal earnest money deposit gives the buyer little incentive to close.

Hidden Fees Deducted at Closing

Some contracts allow the buyer to deduct "service fees," "processing fees," or other invented charges at closing. Every deduction should be explicitly listed and explained.

Your Contract Checklist:

Before signing, verify these elements are clear and acceptable:

Your Rights

The Right to Know How a Cash Offer Is Calculated

Any legitimate cash buyer should be able to explain their offer formula.

Cash offers aren't random numbers. They follow a predictable formula. If a buyer can't or won't explain how they arrived at their offer price, that's a warning sign. Transparency about pricing is a hallmark of an ethical buyer.

The Cash Offer Formula

1

After-Repair Value

What the home is worth in good condition, based on comparable sales

Repair Costs

What it will cost to fix the property to market-ready condition

Holding & Selling Costs

Taxes, insurance, utilities, closing costs while the property is held

=

Maximum Offer

What the buyer can pay while maintaining a reasonable margin

Questions to Ask Any Cash Buyer:

  • What ARV (after-repair value) did you use for my home?
  • What comparable sales did you reference?
  • What repair costs did you estimate?
  • Can I see your itemized calculation?
Your Rights

The Right to Choose Your Own Closing Date

The closing date should work for you — not just the buyer.

There is no Michigan law that dictates when a real estate closing must occur. The closing date is a negotiable term of the contract. A buyer who insists on an unreasonably fast close — or one who refuses to accommodate your timeline — is prioritizing their interests over yours.

Factors That Should Influence Your Closing Date:

Moving Logistics

Do you have a new home lined up? Need time to pack and move? A reputable buyer will work around your moving schedule.

Tax Planning

Closing in December vs. January can have different capital gains implications. Consult your tax professional on timing.

Probate Requirements

If the property is in probate, the court timeline may dictate when a sale can close. A buyer should respect this.

Personal Circumstances

Health issues, family obligations, school schedules, or work commitments. Your life doesn't pause for a real estate transaction.

Typical Closing Timelines

7-14

Days — Cash Sale

30-45

Days — Financed Sale

60+

Days — Probate Sale

Your Rights

The Right to Ask Questions — and Get Straight Answers

No question is stupid. No question is out of bounds. If someone makes you feel foolish for asking, they don't deserve your business.

A legitimate real estate professional welcomes your questions. They understand that selling a home is a major financial decision and that informed homeowners make better decisions. Evasive answers, condescension, or dismissiveness are all signs you should walk away.

Questions Every Homeowner Should Ask:

Your Rights

The Right to Explore Alternatives to Selling

Selling is not your only option — and sometimes it's not the best one.

Before committing to a sale, you have the right to fully explore every available alternative. A trustworthy advisor will help you understand all your options, not just the one that benefits them.

Alternatives Worth Considering:

Loan Modification or Forbearance

If mortgage payments are the issue, your lender may offer a loan modification. Under federal regulations, servicers are required to evaluate you for loss mitigation options before foreclosing. Contact the Michigan Homeowner Assistance Fund (MIHAF) for potential assistance.

Renting the Property

If you don't need immediate cash, converting the home to a rental can generate ongoing income. Consider property management costs (typically 8-12% of rent), maintenance reserves, and landlord responsibilities under Michigan's landlord-tenant laws (MCL 554.601 et seq.).

Home Equity Loan or HELOC

If you need cash but want to stay in the home, a home equity loan or line of credit may be an option. Compare rates, fees, and terms from multiple lenders. Be aware that this increases your debt and puts your home at risk if you can't repay.

Selling to a Family Member

An intra-family sale can keep the home in the family and may have tax advantages. However, it still requires proper documentation. The IRS requires that the sale be at fair market value or there may be gift tax implications.

Refinancing

If interest rates have dropped or your credit has improved, refinancing could lower your monthly payment. Compare the costs of refinancing (typically 2-5% of the loan amount) with the savings over time.

Novation Agreement

A novation agreement is a structured selling option where your property may be marketed on the open market with a licensed REALTOR® while another party helps coordinate repairs and preparation. Homeowners considering this path have the right to understand who is involved, how the property will be marketed, how compensation and expenses are handled, what happens if the home does not sell, what obligations continue before closing, and what cancellation or termination rights are provided by the agreement. Learn more about novation agreements →

Important: A buyer who discourages you from exploring these alternatives — or who pressures you to sell quickly without considering other options — does not have your best interests at heart.

Your Rights

The Right to Cancel When Applicable Under Michigan Law

Under certain circumstances, Michigan law gives you the right to cancel a real estate contract.

While most real estate contracts in Michigan do not have a general "cooling off" period, there are specific situations where you have cancellation rights. Understanding these rights is essential before you sign anything.

When You May Have Cancellation Rights:

Door-to-Door Sales (Michigan Home Solicitation Sales Act)

Under MCL 445.111, if you signed a contract at your home (not at the buyer's office), you may have a 3-business-day right to cancel. This applies when the transaction was initiated by the buyer coming to your home. The buyer must provide written notice of this right.

Contract Contingencies

If your contract includes contingencies (attorney review, inspection, financing, etc.), you may have the ability to cancel during those contingency periods. This is why it's critical to ensure favorable contingency language in any sales contract.

Fraud or Misrepresentation

Under Michigan common law, a contract entered into based on fraudulent misrepresentation may be voidable. If a buyer deliberately misled you about material facts, you may have grounds to rescind the contract. Consult an attorney immediately.

Foreclosure Rescue Scams

Michigan's Credit Services Protection Act (MCL 445.1821 et seq.) provides protections against foreclosure rescue scams. If a "foreclosure consultant" takes your money and doesn't deliver, you may have legal recourse including the right to cancel.

Important Reality Check

In general, there is no automatic right to cancel a real estate purchase agreement in Michigan simply because you changed your mind. Unlike some consumer purchases, real estate contracts are typically binding once signed. This is why you should never sign a contract you haven't read and understood. The best protection is to review everything carefully before signing — and involve an attorney if you have any doubts.

Your Rights

Protection Against Deed Fraud & Title Theft

Deed fraud is a real threat in Michigan. Know how to protect yourself.

Deed fraud occurs when someone records a fraudulent document transferring ownership of your property — often without your knowledge. This can happen while you're still living in the home, after you've inherited a property, or when a home is vacant.

Common Types of Deed Fraud:

Forged Deeds

Someone forges your signature on a deed, transferring ownership to themselves or an entity they control. This is most common with vacant properties, inherited homes, or properties owned by elderly or vulnerable homeowners.

Fraudulent Liens

A bad actor files a false lien against your property, clouding your title and making it difficult to sell or refinance until the fraudulent lien is removed — which can require legal action.

Protective Steps You Can Take:

Register for Property Fraud Alerts

Many Michigan counties (including Wayne, Oakland, and Macomb) offer free property fraud alert systems. You'll be notified whenever a document is recorded against your property. Contact your county's Register of Deeds.

Check Your Deed Regularly

Periodically review your property records at your county Register of Deeds. Most counties have online search portals. Look for any documents you don't recognize — deeds, mortgages, liens, or affidavits.

Secure Vacant & Inherited Properties

Vacant and inherited homes are prime targets. Secure the property, check on it regularly, forward mail, and ensure property taxes are paid. A property that appears abandoned is vulnerable.

Act Immediately If You Suspect Fraud

Contact your county Register of Deeds, local law enforcement, and a real estate attorney immediately. Under Michigan law, forged deeds are void — but you may need a court order (a "quiet title" action under MCL 600.2932) to clear your title.

Michigan Legal Framework

Michigan's MCL 565.451a makes it a felony to record a fraudulent conveyance with intent to defraud. The Michigan Attorney General's office actively prosecutes deed fraud cases. If you've been a victim, you can also file a complaint with the AG's Consumer Protection Division.

Your Rights

Foreclosure Protections Under Michigan Law

Michigan is a non-judicial foreclosure state, but that doesn't mean you're powerless.

In Michigan, most foreclosures happen outside of court (non-judicial foreclosure by advertisement under MCL 600.3201 et seq.). This means the process moves faster than in judicial foreclosure states — but you still have important rights and protections at every stage.

The Michigan Foreclosure Timeline:

Stage What Happens Your Rights
Missed Payment (Day 1) Late fees begin. Lender may start collection calls. Contact your lender immediately. Ask about loss mitigation, forbearance, or a repayment plan.
Default (90+ Days) Loan goes into default. Notice of default may be sent. You can still cure the default by paying past-due amounts. Consider selling before foreclosure proceeds.
Notice of Foreclosure Published in local newspaper for 4 consecutive weeks. Posted on the property within 15 days of first publication. You must receive written notice under MCL 600.3205a. You have the right to request a meeting with the lender to discuss modification options.
Sheriff's Sale Property is auctioned at a public sheriff's sale, typically held on Fridays. You can still sell the property or pay off the loan before the sale. The sale must be conducted fairly under MCL 600.3220.
Redemption Period After the sale, you have time to redeem (buy back) the property. The length depends on the property type and loan specifics. 6 months for most residential properties (or 12 months if over 3 acres). Only 30 days if the property is deemed abandoned under MCL 600.3241a.

Key Foreclosure Protections:

Right to a Loan Modification Meeting

Under MCL 600.3205b, you can request a meeting with your lender to discuss modification options before foreclosure proceeds. The lender must provide certain documents and negotiate in good faith.

Right of Redemption

After the sheriff's sale, you have a statutory right to redeem the property by paying the full sale price plus costs and interest. This is a critical window to explore all options — including a sale.

Surplus Funds After Foreclosure

If the property sells at sheriff's sale for more than the mortgage balance, you're entitled to the surplus. See the Surplus Funds Rights section below for details.

Protection From Dual Tracking

Federal CFPB rules generally prohibit "dual tracking" — pursuing foreclosure while actively reviewing your loan modification application. If you've submitted a complete application, the foreclosure should pause.

Critical Fact Most Homeowners Don't Know

You can sell your home at any point during the foreclosure process — even during the redemption period after the sheriff's sale. A sale can protect your credit from a foreclosure judgment, put cash in your pocket, and give you control over your timeline. The key is acting before the redemption period expires.

Your Rights

Probate Rights in Michigan

If you're handling an estate, you have specific legal rights and responsibilities under Michigan probate law.

Probate is the court-supervised process of administering a deceased person's estate. In Michigan, probate is governed by the Estates and Protected Individuals Code (EPIC), MCL 700.1101 et seq. Understanding your rights within this system is essential.

Key Probate Rights for Michigan Heirs and Personal Representatives:

Right to Serve as Personal Representative

Under MCL 700.3203, priority to serve as personal representative generally goes to the person named in the will, then to the surviving spouse, then to other heirs. You have the right to petition the court if you believe you should serve.

Right to Information & Accounting

Heirs and interested persons have the right to receive notice of probate proceedings (MCL 700.3404) and to request an accounting of the estate from the personal representative. The personal representative has a fiduciary duty to act in the best interest of the estate.

Right to Sell Estate Property

A personal representative has the right to sell real estate belonging to the estate under MCL 700.3715, subject to court approval in certain circumstances. The sale must be in the best interest of the estate and its beneficiaries.

Right to Contest a Will

Under MCL 700.3407, interested persons may contest a will within specified timeframes. Grounds include lack of testamentary capacity, undue influence, fraud, or improper execution. This right must be exercised promptly — timelines are strict.

Probate Timeline Overview:

Milestone Typical Timeline
File Petition & Will Within 30 days of death (if will exists)
Appointment of Personal Representative 4-8 weeks after filing
Creditor Notice Period 4 months after publication
Estate Administration 6-12 months (can vary widely)
Sale of Real Estate (if applicable) Can occur during administration with court approval
Closing the Estate When all assets distributed and debts paid
Your Rights

Inherited Property Rights

Inheriting a property comes with rights — and responsibilities — that many heirs don't fully understand.

When you inherit real estate in Michigan, you gain specific legal rights. But inheritance can also trigger practical challenges: multiple heirs with differing opinions, properties in disrepair, outstanding mortgages, and tax implications. Understanding your rights is the first step to making informed decisions.

Your Rights as an Inheritor of Michigan Real Estate:

Right to Stepped-Up Tax Basis

Under federal tax law (IRC §1014), inherited property receives a "stepped-up" basis — meaning the property's tax basis is adjusted to its fair market value on the date of death. This can significantly reduce capital gains tax if you sell. You have the right to obtain a professional appraisal to establish this value.

Right to Disclaim (Refuse) an Inheritance

Under MCL 700.2902, an heir can disclaim (refuse) an inheritance within 9 months of death. This may make sense if the property has significant liabilities, environmental issues, or if accepting would disqualify you from certain benefits.

Right to Sell Your Interest (Partition Action)

When multiple heirs inherit a property and cannot agree, any heir can petition the court for a partition action under MCL 600.3304. The court can order the property sold and proceeds divided among heirs. This is a last resort — selling voluntarily is almost always less expensive and less contentious.

Right to Be Free From Forced Sale by One Heir (Without Court Order)

One co-heir cannot unilaterally sell the entire property without consent from others or a court order. If an heir claims the property can be sold without your agreement, verify this with an attorney before acting.

The Mortgage Question on Inherited Property

Federal law (the Garn-St. Germain Act, 12 USC §1701j-3) prevents lenders from enforcing "due-on-sale" clauses when property is inherited by a relative. This means you don't have to immediately pay off the mortgage. However, you do need to keep making payments to avoid foreclosure. The loan does not need to be assumed in your name, but payments must continue.

Your Rights

The Right to Surplus Funds After Foreclosure

If your property sold at foreclosure for more than you owed, the surplus belongs to YOU — not the bank or the county.

This is one of the most overlooked rights in Michigan real estate law. Thousands of dollars in surplus funds go unclaimed every year because former homeowners don't know they're entitled to them.

How Surplus Funds Work:

The Surplus Fund Equation

Sale Price at Auction

$180,000

Mortgage Balance + Costs

$150,000

=

Your Surplus

$30,000

How to Claim Surplus Funds:

1

Check If Surplus Exists

Contact the county sheriff's department or the foreclosing attorney. The sheriff's deed will show the sale price. Compare this to your mortgage payoff. You can also check county records for any "overage" or "surplus" held by the county.

2

Identify Where the Funds Are Held

In Michigan, surplus funds are typically deposited with the county clerk or circuit court after a foreclosure sale. Under MCL 600.3252, surplus proceeds from a foreclosure by advertisement are deposited with the county treasurer.

3

File a Claim

You'll need to file a motion or petition with the court to claim the funds. This typically requires documentation showing you were the owner at the time of foreclosure. An attorney can help with this process, though some courts allow pro se (self-represented) claims.

4

Beware of Surplus Recovery Scams

Companies may contact you offering to recover surplus funds for a large fee (sometimes 30-50%). You can file a claim directly through the court or hire an attorney at a reasonable rate. Never sign over rights to a third party without independent legal advice.

Important Deadline

There may be time limits for claiming surplus funds. In some cases, unclaimed funds may eventually escheat to the state. Don't wait — if you believe surplus funds may exist, investigate promptly. Contact the county treasurer or an attorney as soon as possible.

Stay Protected

Common Scams Every Michigan Homeowner Should Recognize

Scammers target homeowners — especially those facing financial distress, foreclosure, or probate. Here are the most common scams operating in Michigan and how to spot them.

The "Rescue" That Steals Your Home

A "rescuer" offers to help you avoid foreclosure by having you sign over the deed, promising you can stay and rent the home and buy it back later. In reality, they sell the property or evict you, keeping all equity. Never sign over your deed without independent legal advice.

Michigan: MCL 445.1821 Credit Services Protection Act applies

The Bait-and-Switch Offer

A buyer makes a generous verbal offer, then presents a contract at a much lower price — hoping you won't read it carefully. Or they make a high initial offer, then use the inspection period to chip away at the price with questionable repair estimates. Verify every number in the contract matches what was discussed.

Red flag: "Don't worry about the details, just sign"

Fake "Government" or "Court" Officials

Scammers impersonate county officials, the IRS, or court representatives, claiming you owe money and must pay immediately or lose your home. Government agencies will never demand immediate payment over the phone with gift cards, wire transfers, or cryptocurrency.

Verify independently by calling the agency directly

Equity Skimming / Equity Stripping

A buyer offers to take over your mortgage payments in exchange for the deed. They collect rent from tenants (or you) but never make mortgage payments. The property goes into foreclosure, and you're still on the hook for the loan while they've walked away with the cash flow.

Never transfer title without a proper sale and mortgage satisfaction

The "We Buy Houses for Cash" Wholesale Trap

Not every "cash buyer" actually has cash. Some are wholesalers who sign a contract with you, then scramble to find an actual buyer — earning a fee for assigning the contract. If they can't find a buyer, they walk away and your property was tied up for weeks or months. Ask for proof of funds and verify whether the contract allows assignment.

Ask: "Are you buying this property yourself or assigning this contract?"

Vacant Property / Title Theft

Criminals identify vacant or inherited properties, forge deeds transferring ownership to themselves, then sell or mortgage the property before the real owner discovers the fraud. This is especially common with inherited homes where the heirs live out of state.

Sign up for your county's property fraud alert system

The Golden Rule of Scam Prevention

If anyone pressures you to sign immediately, discourages you from consulting an attorney, makes verbal promises that don't match the written contract, or asks you to sign over a deed without a proper closing — walk away. A legitimate transaction can withstand scrutiny. A scam cannot.

Downloadable Resource

Homeowner's Decision Checklist

Use this checklist before accepting any offer on your home. Print it, fill it out, and bring it with you to every meeting or conversation about selling.

Before Accepting Any Offer

Before Signing the Contract

Red Flag Check — Walk Away If:

Share this with family members, friends, and neighbors — knowledge is protection.

Key Michigan Statutes — Quick Reference

Michigan Laws That Protect Homeowners

These are the statutes referenced throughout this guide. Bookmark this page for easy access when you need to reference the law.

MCL 600.3201 — 600.3285

Foreclosure by Advertisement

Governs non-judicial foreclosure process in Michigan

MCL 700.1101 et seq.

Estates & Protected Individuals Code (EPIC)

Michigan's comprehensive probate code

MCL 565.451a

Fraudulent Conveyances

Felony for recording fraudulent property transfers

MCL 445.111

Home Solicitation Sales Act

3-day right to cancel door-to-door contracts

MCL 445.1821 et seq.

Credit Services Protection Act

Protections against foreclosure rescue scams

MCL 207.526

State Transfer Tax

$8.60 per $1,000 of sale price

MCL 600.2932

Quiet Title Actions

Legal mechanism to clear fraudulent or disputed title claims

MCL 600.3304

Partition Actions

Court-ordered division or sale of co-owned property

MCL 600.3252

Surplus Proceeds

Deposit of foreclosure surplus with county treasurer

Why We Published This Guide

Maverick Integrity Group buys houses in Michigan. We could have built a website that funnels every visitor toward a sale. Instead, we built this — a resource that helps you understand your rights, explore your alternatives, and make the decision that's truly best for your situation.

Because you deserve to make an informed choice, whether or not you choose to work with us.

This guide is not legal advice. Laws change, and every situation is unique. We strongly recommend consulting a qualified Michigan real estate attorney for guidance specific to your circumstances.

Last updated: July 2026. We review and update this guide regularly.